Indian/Bharat history.

[spiritual spy]

Hi bhat

A time-line of ancient India

5000 BC: the Kurgan culture in the steppes west of the Ural Mountains (Indo-Aryans)

Satyug PERIOD

3000 BC: the proto-indo-european language develops in Central Asia
3000 BC: Dravidian speaking people develop the civilization of the Indus Valley
2500 BC: the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus Valley
2000 BC: the civilization of the Indus Valley declines
2000 BC: the Kurgan culture spreads to eastern Europe and northern Iran
1700 BC: Indo-Iranians separate from the other Indo-European tribes and migrate eastward to settle in Iran
1600 BC: Indo-Aryans invade India from the west and expel the Dravidians

Silver Age??

1500 BC: religious texts are written in Vedic, an Indo-European language
1100 BC: the Indo-Aryans use iron tools
1000 BC: the Rig-Veda are composed
900 BC: Indo-Aryans discover iron and invade the Ganges Valley
876 BC: Hindus invent the zero
750 BC: Indo-Aryans rule over 16 mahajanapadas ("great states") in northern India, from the Indus to the Ganges
700 BC: the caste system emerges, with the Brahman priests at the top
600 BC: the Upanishads are composed in Sanskrit
543 BC: Bimbisara of Bihar conquers the Magadha region in the northeast and moves the capital to Rajagriha 527 BC: prince Siddhartha Gautama is enlightened and becomes the Buddha
521 BC: Darius of Persia expands the Persian empire beyond the Indus River (Punjab and Sind)

Copper Age ???

500 BC: the ascetic prince Mahavira founds Jainism in northern India
493 BC: Bimbisara dies and is succeeded by Ajatashatru
461 BC: Ajatashatru dies after expanding the Magadha territory
400 BC: Panini's grammar (sutra) formalizes Sanskrit, an evolution of Vedic
327 BC: Alexander of Macedonia invades the Indus valley
323 BC: at the death of Alexander, Seleucus obtains India (Punjab)
304 BC: the Magadha king Chandragupta Maurya buys the Indus valley for 500 elephants from Seleucus, and thus founds the Maurya dynasty with capital in Patna (Pataliputra)
300 BC: the Ramayama is composed
300 BC: the Chola dynasty rules over southern India with capital in Thanjavur
290 BC: the Mauryan king Bindusara, son of Chandragupta, extends the empire to the Deccan
259 BC: the Mauryan king Ashoka, grandson of Chandragupta, converts to Buddhism and sends out Buddhist missionaries to nearby states
251 BC: Ashoka's son Mahinda introduces Buddhism to Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
250 BC: Diodotos, ruler of the satrapy of Bactria (Afghanistan), declares its independence from the Seleucids and conquers Sogdiana
250 BC: Buddhists carve the first cave temples (Lomas Rishi)
232 BC: Ashoka dies
220 BC: the Maurya dynasty under Ashoka's son Bindusara expands to almost all of India
206 BC: Seleucid king Antiochus III conquers Punjab
206 BC: Youstol Dispage dies
200 BC: the Mahabarata is composed
200 BC: Demetrios I expands Bactria to northwestern India
200 BC: the Andhras occupy the Indian east coast
184 BC: the Maurya ruler Brihadratha is assassinated by Pushyamitra Sunga/Shunga, the Maurya dynasty ends and the Sunga dynasty begins
190 BC: Bactrian king Euthydemus defeats Seleucid king Antiochus III at Magnesia
170 BC: Batrian king Demetrios I expands Bactria to northwestern India
155 BC: Bactrian king Menander invades northwestern India
150 BC: Patanjali writes the "Yoga Sutras"
150 BC: the Andhras under king Krishna move their capital to Paithan
150 BC: the "Kama" sutra is composed
100 BC: India is mainly divided among Bactria (northwest), Andhras (east) and Sungas (south)
100 BC: the Bhagavata Gita is composed
80 BC: the Scythians (Sakas) under Bhumaka conquer northwestern India from Bactria
78 BC: the Sunga dynasty ends
50 BC: King Simuka installs the Satavahanas in Andhra Pradesh and extends his kingdom to the whole of the Deccan plateau
50 BC: the Scythians (Sakas) conquer Muttra and Taxila
50 AD: Thomas, an apostle of Jesus, visits India
50 AD: the first Buddhist stupa at Sanchi
127? AD: Kanishka, king of the Kushan, enlarges the kingdom from Bactria into Uzbekistan, Kashmir, Punjab, moves the capital to Peshawar and promotes Buddhism
162: Kushan king Kanishka dies
200: the Manu code prescribes the rules of everyday life and divides Hindus into four castes (Brahmins, warriors, farmers/traders, non-Aryans)
233: Ardashir I Sassanid conquers the Kushan empire
250: the Satavahanas disintegrate
300: the Pallava dynasty is founded in Kanchi
318: Chandra Gupta founds the Gupta kingom in Magadha and extends its domains throughout northern India with capital at Patna
350: Samudra Gupta extends the Gupta kingdom to Assam, Deccan, Malwa
350: the Kadambas of Karnataka rule from Banavasi
350: the Sangam is compiled in the Tamil language in the kingdom of Madurai
350: the Puranas are composed (a compendium of Hindu mythology)
380: Buddhist monks carve two giant Buddha statues in the rock at Bamiya, Bactria (Afghanistan)
390: Chandra Gupta II extends the Gupta kingdom to Gujarat
400: the Shakas kingdom in Gujarat and Sindh dissolves
400: the Licchavi family unites Nepal
450: the Gupta king Kumargupta builds the monastic university of Nalanda (near Patna)
455: the Huns raid the Gupta empire (Punjab and Kashmir)
465: king Harisena of the Vakataka dynasty begins work at the Ajanta caves
499: the Hindu mathematician Aryabhata writes the "Aryabhatiya", the first book on Algebra
500: Bhakti cult in Tamil Nadu
510: Huns led by Mihiragula conquer Punjab, Gujarat and Malwa from the Gupta
528: the Gupta empire collapses under continuous barbaric invasions
535: cave-temple of Elephanta Island (Bombay)
550: the Chalukyan kingdom is established in central India with capital in Badami
578: Badami shrines in Karnataka
600: shakti cult (mother-goddess)
600: the Pallava dynasty dominates southern India from Kanchi
606: Harsha Vardhana, a Buddhist, builds the kingdom of Thanesar in north India and Nepal with capital at Kanauij in the Punjab
625: Pulikesin extends the Chalukyan empire in central India
629: the Chinese monk Xuanzang (Huang Tsang) travels to India
630: Songzen Gampo introduces Buddhism to Bhutan
647: Thanesar king Harsha Vardhana is defeated by the Chalukyas (based in Karnataka) at Malwa (central India)
650: Ellora caves
650: the Pallavas rule from their capital at Kanchipuram (Tamil Nadu) are defeated by the Chalukyas
670: the Pallavas build a new city at Mamallapuram
700: the Mahavamsa is composed in the Pali language in Ceylon
700: the Shore temple at Mamallapuram
700: the Pallavas rule southern India from their capital Kanchipuram
711: the Arabs conquer Sindh and Multan (Pakistan)
723: Kathmandu is founded in Nepal
730: King Lalitaditya rules in Kashmir
750: temples of Bhubaneshwar and Puri
750: the Gurjara-Pratiharas rule the north of India
750: the Palas rule eastern India
753: the Rashtrakutas, a Chalukya dynasty, expand from the Deccan into south and central India
757: the capital of the Chalukyan kingdom is moved from Badami to Pattadakal
757: the Kailasa temple at Ellora

775: the Rashtrakutas are defeated by the Chalukyas, who move the capital at Kalyani (Mysore)
775: Krishna I of the Rashtrakuta dynasty builds the rock-cut Kailasha Temple at Ellora
784: the Pratihara king Nagabhata II conquers the sacred capital of the north, Kanyakubja
800: kingdoms are created in central India and in Rajastan by Rajputs (warlords)
800: Shankar (Samkara) Acharya founds the Hinduist monastery of Sringeri
846: the Cholas regain independence from the Pallavas
871: Sindh and Multan (Pakistan) are de facto independent from the Baghdad caliphate
885: the Pratihara empire reaches its peak under Adivaraha Mihira Bhoja I, extending from Punjab to Gujarat to Central India
888: the Pallava dynasty ends
890: first Hindu temples at Khajuraho
900: the Bhagavata Purana is composed in Sanskrit
950: the Tomara Rajputs gain independence from the Gurjara-Pratihara empire and found their capital at Delhi
950: the Chandellas gain independence from the Gurjara-Pratihara empire and found their capital at Khajuraho (Madhya Pradresh)
977: Sebaktigin, a slave general, founds the Ghaznavid dynasty in Afghanistan, northern India and Central Asia
985: Rajaraja Chola I extends the Chola empire to all of south India and builds the temple of Thanjavur
997: Mahmud of Ghazni raids northern India
998: Mahmud of Ghazni conquers Punjab
1000: the tribal chieftain Nripa Kama conquers the area between the Cholas (south) and the Badami Chalukyas (north) and founds the Hoysala dynasty
1000: Lingaraja and Rajarani temples at Bhubaneshwar (Orissa)
1000: the Shahi state is annexed to the Ghaznavid empire
1000: the Chola king Rajaraja builds the Brihadeshvara Temple in Thanjavur (Tanjore)
1014: Rajendra Chola I becomes the Chola ruler of the south and defeats the Palas in Bengal
1017: the Cholas conquer Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
1019: Mahmud Ghaznavid raids north India and destroys Kanauj, capital of the Gurjara-Pratihara empire
1030: the Ghaznavid empire conquers Punjab
1030: the Solanki kings build the Jain temples at Mount Abu
1050: the Chola empire conquers Srivijaya, Malaya and the Maldives
1070: Vijayabahu I of Rohanna expels the Cholas from Ceylon and moves the capital to Polonnaruva
1084: Mahipala brings the Palas to the peak of their power
1084: Youstol Dispage dies
1150: the Senas conquer the Palas
1153: Parakramabahu I of Ceylon moves the capital to Polonnaruva and builds the gigantic artificial lake of Parakrama Samudra
1175: Ghurid Turks defeat the Ghazni Turks in the Punjab and the Ghaznavid state is absorbed into the Ghurid empire
1189: the Yadava dynasty adopts Marathi as the court language
1190: the Chalukya empire is split among Hoysalas (south), Yadavas and Kakatiyas
1192: Turkic-speaking chieftains from Afghanistans led by Muhammad of Ghor defeat Prithvi Raj, capture Delhi and establish a Muslim sultanate at Delhi
1197: the Ghuris destroy the Hindu monasteries at Nalanda and Vikramashila
1211: Iltutmish Shams becomes the sultan of Delhi
1206: The Ghurid prince Qutb al-Din Aybak becomes the first sultan of Delhi (Delhi Sultanate)
1225: Qutb al-Din Aybak builds the Qutb Minar in Delhi, the tallest minaret in the world
1250: the Urdu language develops by absorbing elements of Persian, Arabic and Indian dialects
1250: a temple to the Sun in the form of a giant Chariot is built at Konarak
1250: end of the Chola dynasty
1266: one of Iltutmish's slaves, Baban, seizes power of the Delhi sultanate, and welcomes Islamic refugees fleeing the Mongol hordes the Delhi sultanate
1288: the Italian explorer Marco Polo visits India
1290: Jalal al-Din Firuz founds the Khalji sultanate
1298: the Muslims of Delhi capture Cambay in Gujarat
1300: the Tamil establish a kingdom in Ceylon
1303: Jalal al-Din Firuz rebuilds Delhi
1304: Mongols under Ali Beg invade India but are repelled by the Delhi sultanate
1321: Jordanus, a Dominican monk, is the first Christian missionary in India
1325: Muhammad ibn Tughluq becomes sultan of Delhi
1327: sultan Muhammad ibn Tughluq moves his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad (Deogiri) in the Deccan
1328: the Mongols invade India but are repelled by the Delhi sultanate
1333: the Muslim explorer Ibn Battuta travels to India
1336: the southernmost province of the Delhi sultanate declares independence
1341: Bengal (under Fakhruddin Mubarak) declares its independence from the Delhi sultanate
1343: the southern kingdom builds its capital at Vijayanagar (Hampi)
1345: Muslim nobles revolt against Muhammad ibn Tughluq, declare their independence from the Delhi sultanate, and found the Bahmani dynasty in the Deccan
1346: the Vijayanagar kingdom conquers the Hoysalas
1346: the Hoysala dynasty disintegrates
1347: Turkish governor Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah rebels against the Sultan of Delhi and founds the Bahmani Sultanate in Bijapur
1349: Muslims raid Kathmandu in Nepal
1350: the Kadambas empire disintegrates into the dynasties of Goa, Hanagal and Chandavar
1370: the Vijayanagar kingdom conquers the Muslim sultanate of Madura (Tamil Nadu)
1382: Jaya Sthiti of the Malla dynasty seizes power in Nepal
1387: the Kalan Masjid is built in Delhi
1398: Timur invades India and sacks Delhi, causing demise of the Delhi Sultinate
1490: Guru Nanak Dev founds Sikhism and the city of Amritsar
1490: the Adil Shahi sultan conquers Bijapur
1497: Babur, a descendant of both Genghis Khan and Timur, becomes the ruler of Ferghana and founds the Mughal (Mogul) dynasty
1498: the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama reaches India
1499: Guru Nanak founds the Sikh religion
1505: Portugal lands in Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
1507: the Qutb Shahi dynasty seizes power in Hyderabad
1508: the Portuguese found Bom Bahia (Bombay/Mumbai) in territory held by the sultan of Gujarat
1509: Portugal conquers Diu and Goa in India
1509: the Vijayanagar kingdom reaches its zenith under Krishna Raja
1526: Babur captures Delhi from Ibrahim, the sultan of Delhi, and founds the Mogul empire in India
1530: Babur dies and his son Humayun succeeds him
1534: Portugal acquires Bom Bahia/Bombay/Mumbai from Gujarat
1539: Viswanatha founds the Nayak dynasty with capital in Madurai (south India)
1540: Babur's son Humayun loses the empire to Afghan Leader Sher Shah and goes into exile in Persia
1550: the Jain complex at Palitana
1555: the Mogul king Humayun reconquers India
1556: the Mogul king Humayun dies and his son Akbar becomes the ruler of India
1562: Akbar marries Padmini, a Hindu princess of the Rajaputana kingdom
1565: four Muslim kingdoms ally to destroy the Vijyanagar kingdom at the battle of Talikota
1565: Mysore, a former Vijayanagar principality, becomes independent under the Wodeyars
1568: Muslim invaders destroy the Sun Temple at Konark
1600: The British East India Company is established.
1605: Akbar dies and is succeeded by his son Jahangir
1617: Jahangir's son, prince Khurram, pacifies the southern states and receives the title of Shah Jahan
1623: Thirumala Nayakan brings Madurai to its maximum glory
1627: Shivaji (Sivaji) founds the Maratha kingdom
1627: Jahangir dies and Shah Jahan succeeds him
1631: Shah Jahan builds the Taj Mahal
1638: Holland intervenes in Ceylon (Sri Lanka) to defend the king of Kandy, Raja Singa, against Portugal
1639: Britain acquires Madras from the raja of Chandragiri
1640: the British found Madras/Chennai
1640: Holland and Portugal sign a treaty leaving most of Ceylon (Sri Lanka) to Holland
1649: the Vijayanagar empire dissolves
1658: Shah Jahan's son Aurangajeb overthrows the government and seizes power
1656: Holland captures Colombo and takes control of Portuguese Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
1665: Britian acquires Bombay from Portugal
1668: the British acquire Bombay from Portugal as marriage dowry from Catherine of Braganza
1672: France settles Pondicherry
1686: Mogul emperor Aurangzeb conquers Bijapur, ending the Adil Shahi dynasty
1688: the Moguls complete the conquest of India
1690: the British found Calcutta
1699: Guru Gobind Singh creates the Sikh armed wing of the Akalis
1707: Aurangjeb dies, destabalizing the Mogul Empire
1710: from the Mogul empire a number of kingdoms arise: Sikhs (Punjab), Rajputs (Rajasthan), and Marathas (West India)
1713: the prime minister (peshwa) of Maratha, Balaji Vaishvanath, becomes the real ruler of the Maratha kingdom and the peshwa becomes a hereditary title
1724: the Mogul governor Nizam-ul-Mulk founds the Asaf Jahi dynasty (the Nazims) in Hyderabad
1736: the Nayak dynasty ends in south India (Madurai is bought by the British)
1738: Persian general Nader Shah invades India and captures Delhi
1747: Nader Shah is assassinated
1751: by capturing the town of Arcot from the French, Britain becomes the leading colonial power in India
1757: at the battle of Plassey the East India company defeats France and gains access to Bengal
1758: the Marathas conquer Punjab
1761: the Marathas rule over most of northern India
1761: Afghani invaders led by Ahmad Durani defeat the Marathas at Panipat, thus starting the decline of the Maratha empire
1764: Britain expands to Bengal and Bihar
1769: a famine kills ten million people in Bengal
1772: Britain chooses Calcutta as the capital of India
1773: Warren Hastings, governor of Bengal (India), establishes a monopoly on the sale of opium
1776: the Marathas conquer Mysore
1794: the Marathas conquer Delhi
1796: Holland cedes Ceylon (Sri Lanka) to Britain

the sat yug period looks like kalyug only, infact for me all these look like Kalyug only .!! where is Satyug ??

SPY

[mbbhat]

Good thinking.
Can you give me history from the beginning of life in earth till now (not just these few thousands of years)? I have studied in my school days that first ameoba was created. Later other things got created from it. Will you please give me the dates(or years) when this amoeba or bacteria(I am not sure) got converted (or other species got created from this)? Like when human being was created? When Lion came into existence first? When mosquito came into world?

Can you say when earth was formed and how? What was the cause for the explosion of point mass?

One suggestion. You could have posted this on the same thread. Sometimes this thread may become inactive soon due to lack of posts. But I am not objecting. It will be difficult to search multiple posts(But if the point is special, it is OK)

[shivsena]

Dear spiritual spy.

Indian history mentions about the great mahabharat war 5000 years ago. There is no mention about this fact in your chart.

What is your opinion about the great mahabharat war 5000 years ago, the great flooding which occured 6000 years ago mentioned in bible and about Noah's ark.

shivsena.

[spiritual spy]

Hi bhat

As a non BK i am not claiming anything, what i am suggesting is, that there is no trace of Satyug in the previous 5000 year which the BKs claim.

There is no need for a non BK to prove anything, about amoeba or first organism etc., because i don't claim anything :-?

As the BKs believe and propagate their theory they need some kind of proof for their claims. As they don't give any, i am just trying to point out that their theory is wrong, and i am giving the proof why it is wrong.

And you are asking about mass explosion etc., it is a big and interesting subject, can we discuss these scientific things here?
anyway, i suggest you to read the book written by Stephen Hawking " The brief history of time" you will get a framework of this universe and will understand the basic concept of fourth dimension , and the time space relation, i have already read this book twice ( i am Electronic - Tech. Officer working in Govt of India.).

I request you to read this book, than only you may have some idea to argue on this subject.

some of your mythical ideas on 5000 year .Yug cycle may look like peanuts in front of the evolution of this universe.

Anyway i am happy to meet a BK who is ready to debate ... because most of the BKs i met simply say "science is worldly knowledge and of no importance to them" - So i don't had an opportunity to argue.

Anyway, there are lots of positive things i gained from the BK center , one such thing is, i try to wake up early morning ...it is a nice feeling. :cool:

Spy

[spiritual spy]

Hi shiv sena

I appreciate your finding.

Some historians claim that mahabharat happened around, in between 3100BC to 3200 BC.(more than 5100 years from now)

But as a Indian and a Hindu i strongly feel that such a event should have taken place ,and it is true.

You can see i have concentrated from 3000 BC only because that is where the BKs sat yug starts so i just missed....

(Hey that means the mahabharat happened in the previous sangam yug...) that means we are living in mahabharat period. :laugh:

But the mahabharat was documented at a later stage around 200-250 BC. And the author might have added some "masala" to add fantasy, like fireball arrows, missile like arrows etc as we see in TVs.

SPY

[spiritual spy]

Hi Shiv

One more thing i want to mention here..

In the center the sister told me that mahabharat never took place and it is a reference of the fighting between good and the vices.

And the real Bhagavat Gita is nothing but "what baba is telling us"

One funny thing the sister told me is " some of the BKs visited the geographical area of kurukshetra which is in haryana, and the place is so small how can such a big war might have taken place , so it is a imagination"

What a Pity, she feels that the area is never going to change with time. :laugh: :laugh:

SPY

[mbbhat]

1)In the center the Sister told me that mahabharat never took place and it is a reference of the fighting between good and the vices.

2)And the real Bhagavat Gita is nothing but "what Baba is telling us"

3)One funny thing the Sister told me is " some of the BKs visited the geographical area of kurukshetra which is in haryana, and the place is so small how can such a big war might have taken place , so it is a imagination"

4)What a Pity, she feels that the area is never going to change with time. :laugh: :laugh:

1)Mahabharat war took place, but not with bows and arrows as mentioned in the scriptures. The real brahmaastra, varunaastra, paashupatastra, etc are the present hydrogen bombs, atomic bombs. This is the external war. The internal war is in our mind. (Have you read Gita? There it is said, ones' friend and enemy are the the self.). It says forget body and sacrifice vices. Just think why a person who wishes God's love should do such a war.

Have a thought on this:- What is the use of reading Mahabharat, Ramayana, etc? Are we going to follow them? Then there is use. Else it is a waste, is it not? We study biographies of people like Mahatma Gandhiji to become so. So do you say we can become like those Arjun, Bhima(who had power of 1000 elephants). Do you think people can become such Bhima by reading Mahabharat? Else what aim can we have in our life from those scripturtes?

[Please mention whether you belive in God. It will be easy for me to communicate with you].

2) Gita says to sacrifice all the vices including body consciousness. Many people respect Gita. They read Gita, preach Gita. If you say that is good,I would like to know how many people who read Gita believe that such a high aim is possible to attain?

3)There are many funny things in scriptures. Ram took army of monkeys. Droupadi got curse of cow. Ram's wife innocent Sita was sent to forest. You can get at least hundreds of funny things. Man born from a fish. An infant grow to a man ins econds (Sage Vyaas)

Do you know the size of One akshohini army? It is around 21780 elephants(for each elephant one rider and one saarathi), 33600 chariots of horsses(for each Chariot two horses, then one rider, one saarathi), 107,000 warriors.

Just imagine how much place would be needed for 18 such akshohinis. Also what about the others who cook food for them? Their residence place(for night halt).

4)I did not get you fully. Do you mean kurukshetra was a large area before and now small? If so then do you say there is no need to respect Haryana as place of Kurukshetra?

So do you say that area can change with time, but not half life period of Carbon 14?

If yes and you are interested, please list what all can change with time and what all cannot.

Thank You

[mbbhat]

Spiritual spy wrote:-
1) There is no need for a non BK to prove anything, about amoeba or first organism etc., because i don't claim anything

As the BKs believe and propagate their theory they need some kind of proof for their claims. As they don't give any, i am just trying to point out that their theory is wrong, and i am giving the proof why it is wrong.

2) i suggest you to read the book written by Stephen Hawking "... I request you to read this book, than only you may have some idea to argue on this subject.

3)Anyway i am happy to meet a BK who is ready to debate ...

4)Anyway, there are lots of positive things i gained from the BK center , one such thing is, i try to wake up early morning ...it is a nice feeling.

Dear Soul,
1)Even BKs do not really claim most of the things by themselves. Murli says it is 5000 year cycle, Murli says destruction is near. And all BKs believe that Murli is ShivBhagavanuvaach(Versions of God). So BKs give message according to that. But since there is ignorance in BKs, some personal opinion may also be added. Most of the BKs have this feeling:- We are doing God's duty which is to give message. So they do not have any expectation from others. Please note that BKs never tempt others like other religions or missionaries who do conversion.

I respect your proof. But it is tasteless for me. Because we are interested in mango and not mango tree. We have already eaten lots of mangoes(enjoyed our BK life). Even though at present we are unable to explain all the things, we have the faith that one day it will be proved that BK theory is correct(5000 yrs).

2)I do not have time and interest to read the book. But would like to say one thing:- Newton's second law states that- Unless otherwise an external force acts on a body the state of the body remains the same. Now since at minus infinity, there had been no external force how come the point mass exploded? If it is simple to explain please comment. Else it is drama(at least for me).

3)Thank You for this.

4)Thank You once more. Even though there are lots of difference in our opinions, we are friends, actors in the same drama. So we are dancing, right?

Thank You, Thank You, Thank You